The Precedence Effect: Spectral, Temporal, and Intensitive Interactions

Cross-frequency interactions in the precedence effect.

This paper concerns the extent to which the precedence effect is observed when leading and lagging sounds occupy different spectral regions. Subjects, listening under headphones, were asked to match the intracranial lateral position of an acoustic pointer to that of a test stimulus composed of two binaural noise bursts with asynchronous onsets, parametrically varied frequency content, and diffe...

The effect of spectral density and bandwidth on the precedence effect

The precedence effect shows the ability of the auditory system to perceptually suppress reflections such that a single sound is heard at the direction of the leading sound. A low frequency tone is localized on the basis of its interaural phase, but the addition of its delayed copy alters the interaural phase and thus its location. A larger bandwidth is needed to stabilize localization at the le...

The precedence effect.

In a reverberant environment, sounds reach the ears through several paths. Although the direct sound is followed by multiple reflections, which would be audible in isolation, the first-arriving wavefront dominates many aspects of perception. The "precedence effect" refers to a group of phenomena that are thought to be involved in resolving competition for perception and localization between a d...

Efficient Algorithms for the Temporal Precedence Problem

Proving Precedence Properties: The Temporal Way

The paper explores the three important classes of temporal properties of concurrent programs: invariance, livcncss and prcccdencc. It presents the first methodological approach to the precedence properties, while providing a review of the invariance and liveness properties. The approach is based on the unless operator LL, which is a weak version of the until operator U. For each class of proper...